学习离不开评价，因为只有评价才能确定学习目标是否达到。本章将介绍形成性评价和总结性评价两种评价方法，然后介绍语言测试的基本方法，并探讨备考复习教学的合理方法。

Chapter 14 Assessment and Testing for English in Schools

Section 1 Formative Assessment and Summative Assessment

The Definition and Methods of Formative Assessment

•Evaluative tests

•Rating scale

•Classroom observation

•Learning documentation

•Portfolio

The Definition and Methods of Summative Assessment

•The definition of summative assessment

1.Assessment instrument

2.Standards for evaluation

•Methods of summative assessment

1.Tests

2.Portfolios

3.Elaboration

4.Restrictive performance

5.Programme

Section 2 Designing Test Items and Reviewing

Test Design

•Multiple-choice Items Design

•Cloze test design

•Listening test design

•Oral test design

•Reading comprehension test design

•Written expression test design

Review Teaching

•The competence-oriented analysis of listening tests and teaching suggestions

•The competence-oriented analysis of multiple choice and teaching suggestions

•The competence-oriented analysis of cloze tests and teaching suggestions

•The competence-oriented analysis of reading comprehension tests and teaching suggestions

•The competence-oriented analysis of writing tests and teaching suggestions

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