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英语教育在国内外都有着比较长英语教学的历史，形成了丰富的教学理念，这些都是我们今天开展基础。了解这些教学理念有助于理解这些教学理念，更有助于形成对英语教学的理论思考和思辨，有助于英语教学实践中形成教学理念意识以及对不同教学方法的选择与发展。本章介绍国外和国内英语教育的主要理念。

Chapter 2 ELT Methods and Approaches in and outside China

ELT Methods and Approaches Outside China

1.The Grammar-Translation Method

2.The Direct Method

3.The Situational Approach

4.The Audiolingual Method

5.The Communicative Approach

(1)Earlier Communicative Language Teaching

(2)Current Communicative Language Teaching

(3)Content-based instruction

(4)Text-based instruction

(5)Competency-based instruction

(6)The Natural Approach

6.The Humanistic Approach

(1)Community Language Learning

(2)The Silent Way

(3)Suggestopedia

7.The Constructive Approach

(1)Constructivist theory of education

(2)Constructivist teaching methods

(3)Scaffolding instruction

(4)Anchored instruction

ELT Methods and Approaches in China

1.Introduction of Teaching Methods and Approaches from Abroad

(1)The Grammar-Translation Method

(2)The Direct Method

(3)Conscious-Comparative Method

(4)The Audiolingual Method

(5)The Communicative Approach

2.Underlying Theories of the National Curriculum Standards

(1)Theory of education

(2)Holistic education

(3)Lifelong learning

(3)Theory of language

(4)Theory of language learning: Principles of language use; Principle of inquiry; Principle of learner autonomy

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