Part 1 Vocabulary

Directions: Choose the answer that can best complete the sentence.

1.Albania is among the countries with the lowest _____ rates in Europe despite its being the poorest country there.

A.merchandise

B.maturity

C.mortality

D.metallurgy

2.I believe that his account of what happened to the young driver is ____ accurate because he witnessed the accident.

A.slightly

B.incredible

C.substantially

D.abnormally

3.Since 1900, Ethiopia’s population has _____ more than 90% of the country’s forests for firewood and farmland.

A.plunged

B.stripped

C.offset

D.lagged

4.After eight hours at the wheel of the lorry, the driver was beginning to feel the _____.

A.nervousness

B.extension

C.tension

D.strain

5.Some reporters are ______ to resort to all sorts of subterfuges and indirect methods in order to get information.

A.compelled

B.resisted

C.constrained

D.confined

6.Without a reasonably clear understanding within a government _____ the primary responsibility of the various policy-making institutions, economic performance is likely to suffer.

A.concerning

B.in

C.on

D.beyond

7.Plants, like human beings, are _____ various diseases and demand proper attention.

A.compatible with

B.immune to

C.exposed to

D.subject to

8.John Adams, one of the American Revolution’s most _____ patriots, was the lawyer who successfully defended the British soldiers charged with murder after the Boston Massacre.

A.disloyal

B.daring

C.dedicated

D.persuasive

9.She ______ recognition and fame, yet she felt a deep suspicion and contempt for the world in which recognition and fame are granted.

A.yearned for

B.worked for

C.mistrusted in

D.aspired of

10.The first settlers in America had to ______ with unfriendly Indians, sickness, coldness and lack of food.

A.contempt

B.contend

C.content

D.contact

Part II Correctness and Effectiveness of Expression

Directions: Choose the answer that can replace the underlined part.

1.To help freshmen and sophomores in selecting their courses, candid reviews of courses and instructors were compiled by juniors and seniors.

A.candid reviews of courses and instructors being compiled by juniors and seniors

B.and to compile candid reviews of courses and instructors by juniors and seniors

C.juniors and seniors have compiled candid reviews of courses and instructors

D.with juniors and seniors compiling candid reviews of courses and instructors

2.The landscape artist who designed New York City’s Central Park believed that providing scenic settings accessible to all would not only benefit the public’s physical and mental health and also foster a sense of democracy.

A.as it also fosters a sense of democracy

B.but also foster a sense of democracy

C.and foster a sense of democracy also

D.and so that foster a sense of democracy also

3.Experts disagree about what is the definition of intelligence and how to measure it.

A.how to define and measure intelligence

B.how to define intelligence, and also its measurement

C.defining intelligence as well as measurement

D.the definition of intelligence and measuring it

4.James Barrie, the author of Peter Pan and other plays, is noted for portraying adulthood as unpleasant and childhood is glorified.

A.childhood as being glorious

B.childhood as glorious

C.childhood glorified

D.glorified childhood

5.Medical insurance coverage that requires high monthly premiums and that is beyond the financial means of many people.

A.that requires high monthly premiums and it is

B.requiring high monthly premiums are

C.with the requirements of high monthly premiums are

D.that requires high monthly premiums is

Part III Reading Comprehension

Directions: Read the following two passages and choose the answer that can best answer the question.

Passage 1

The ability of the “I Have a Dream” speech to highlight King’s early career at the expense of his later career accounts for the tone of impatience and betrayal that often appears when modern-day supporters of King’s agenda talk about the speech. Former Georgia state legislator Julian Bond said in 1986 that commemorations of King seemed to “focus almost entirely on Martin Luther King the dreamer, not on Martin King the antiwar activist, not on Martin King the challenger of the economic order, not on Martin King the opponent of apartheid, not on the complete Martin Luther King.” One King scholar has proposed a ten-year moratorium on reading or listening to the “I Have a Dream” speech, in the hopes that America will then discover the rest of King’s legacy.

This proposal effectively concedes that King’s magnificent address cannot be recovered from the misuse and over quotation it has suffered since his death. But it is not clear that this is so. Even now, upon hearing the speech, one is struck by the many forms of King’s genius. Many people can still remember the first time they heard “I Have a Dream,” and they tend to speak of that memory with the reverence reserved for a religious experience. At the very least, reflecting on the “I Have a Dream” speech should be an opportunity to be grateful for the astonishing transformation of America that the freedom movement wrought. In just under a decade, the civil rights movement brought down a system of segregation that stood essentially unaltered since Reconstruction. King’s dreams of an America free from racial discrimination are still some distance away, but it is astounding how far the nation has come since that hot August day in 1963. Segregation in the South has been dismantled; there are no longer “Whites Only” signs; segregationist governors do not try to prevent Black children from entering public schools. Toward the end of his life, King preached a sermon entitled “Ingratitude,” in which he called ingratitude “one of the greatest of all sins,” because the sinner “fail[s] to realize his dependence on others.” The annual Martin Luther King holiday is properly a day of national thanksgiving, a time for the nation to recognize the immense debt it owes to King and the thousands of heroes of the civil rights movement for saving the soul of America.

Passage 2

Martin Luther King was at his best when he was willing to reshape the wisdom of many of his intellectual predecessors. He ingeniously harnessed their ideas to his views to advocate sweeping social change. He believed that his early views on race failed to challenge America fundamentally. He later confessed that he had underestimated how deeply entrenched racism was in America. If Black Americans could not depend on goodwill to create social change, they had to provoke social change through bigger efforts at nonviolent direct action. This meant that Blacks and their allies had to obtain political power. They also had to try to restructure American society, solving the riddles of poverty and economic inequality.

This is not the image of King that is celebrated on Martin Luther King Day. Many of King’s admirers are uncomfortable with a focus on his mature beliefs. They seek to deflect unfair attacks on King’s legacy by shrouding him in the cloth of superhuman heroism. In truth, this shroud is little more than romantic tissue. King’s image has often suffered a sad fate. His strengths have been needlessly exaggerated, his weaknesses wildly overplayed. King’s true legacy has been lost to cultural amnesia. As a nation, we have emphasized King’s aspiration to save America through inspiring words and sacrificial deeds. Time and again we replay the powerful image of King standing on a national stage in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial mouthing perhaps the most famous four words ever uttered by a Black American: “I have a dream.” For most Americans, those words capture King’s unique genius. They express his immortal longing for freedom, a longing that is familiar to every person who dares imagine a future beyond unjust laws and unfair customs. The edifying universality of those four words—who has not dreamed, and who cannot identify with people whose dreams of a better world are punished with violence?—helps to explain their durability. But those words survive, too, because they comfort folk who would rather entertain the dreams of unfree people than confront their rage and despair.

1.The authors of both passages agree that King’s “I Have a Dream” speech ____.

A.has been initiated by many of King’s admirers

B.has a profound impact on many Americans

C.questions the ethical beliefs of many Americans

D.is typical of King’s thought as a whole

2.It can be implied from the first paragraph of Passage 1 that Julian Bond, a portrait of “the complete Martin Luther King” would _____.

A.reveal information about King’s personal as well as his public life

B.compare King with other significant figures of his era

C.achieve a balance between King’s earlier concerns and his later ones

D.acknowledge the logical lapses in some of King’s later work

3.The author of Passage 2 would most likely view Julian Bond’s statement in Passage 1 with _____.

A.cynical mistrust

B.outright disapproval

C.cautious optimism

D.complete agreement

4.In the sentence “Segregation in the South has been dismantled …” in paragraph 2 of Passage 1, the word “dismantle” most nearly means _____.

A.criticize

B.do away with

C.totally disregard

D.refute

5.The author of Passage 2 would most likely characterize the view of King expressed in the last sentence of Passage 1 (“The annual … America”) as _____.

A.contradictory

B.arrogant

C.insightful

D.simplistic

6.In Passage 2, the first sentence (“This is … Day”) marks a transition from ___.

A.a consideration of King’s views to a critique of people’s understanding of them

B.a challenge to King’s beliefs to an acceptance of their cultural resonance

C.a discussion of King’s intellectual predecessors to an analysis of his legacy

D.a defense of King’s aspirations to an attack on those who fail to support them

7.The second sentence (“The edifying … durability”) from the bottom in the last paragraph of Passage 2 is best described as ______.

A.challenging the portrait of the civil rights movement that is presented in Passage 1

B.providing an explanation for the view of King’s speech that is expressed in Passage 1

C.contesting the notion of King’s historical importance that is advance in Passage 1

D.dismissing a perspective that is similarly rejected in Passage 1

8.Unlike the author of Passage 2, the author of Passage 1 develops his or her argument by ______.

A.citing an authority with whom he or she disagrees

B.discussing the universal human trait of dreaming

C.dismissing those who fail to understand the subtlety of King’s thought

D.referring to a famous speech delivered by King

9.The author of Passage 2 would most likely argue that commemorations focus on “Martin Luther King the dreamer” (para. 1 of Passage 1) because people find this aspect of King to be _____.

A.unpretentious

B.courageous

C.reassuring

D.provocative

10.Which of the following statements best characterizes the overall relationship between the two passages?

A.Passage 2 recounts the history of a national holiday that is celebrated in Passage 1

B.Passage 2 helps account for the responses to a speech discussed in Passage 1

C.Passage 2 rejects the political goals that are described in Passage 1

D.Passage 2 reflects on a figure that is denounced in Passage 1